At present, our country has a very good development momentum in many fields and has made great progress in all aspects. In today's era, it has fully demonstrated the vitality and vitality of our national development. At the arrival of the so-called global market, the emergence, popularization, promotion and application of new technologies have been greatly developed. However, with the in-depth development, we have encountered many problems. How to develop continuously and go further has become a key problem. For example, our country's foundation is weak, and many countries still have problems such as control and restrictions on our technology, which makes us encounter many insurmountable problems on the road of development, but development is the last word. Whether a country can develop steadily is the fundamental issue of the national economy and the people's livelihood, the embodiment of a country's level and status, and the embodiment of a country's development vitality and ability. Where is a country's development and vitality reflected? Where is the driving force for a country's development? In my opinion, there are two basic issues worthy of consideration and attention in leading the development of science and technology in a country. Although these two basic issues seem to be "tacky" and even "outdated", and have been studied by mothers and mothers for many years, they still deserve attention today, especially for our developing countries.

The first is the original innovation. Original innovation is the problem of original creativity. This includes the research, development and discovery of basic scientific problems, as well as the realization and embodiment of new technologies after in-depth understanding and digestion of scientific problems, that is, the development of basic problem research and applied technology, such as physics, chemistry, biology, and even the universe. In order to pursue immortality, the ancients began the study of alchemy. Therefore, without the development of ancient alchemy, there would be no emergence and development of today's central scientific chemistry; In ancient times, in order to plant crops in spring and autumn, people needed to look up to the stars and understand the operation of stars and the impact of seasons on crops. Therefore, without people looking up to the stars in ancient times, there would be no understanding, emergence and development of cosmology today. Although many traditional disciplines have developed, many classical problems have obtained preliminary understanding, such as Newton mechanics. However, with the development of Mechatronics today, the continuous generation of big data, such as information acquisition, processing and execution, intelligent analysis and mobile computing, has become the main melody of the times. Therefore, we are facing and will face more problems that need to be excavated, analyzed and handled, such as environmental problems, genetic problems, life science problems, deep exploration of the universe and so on. We also need to understand and study the established laws and laws from multiple angles and aspects, face and analyze many new problems, develop new technologies and tools, and establish new structural models.

In the past hundred years, science and technology have developed by leaps and bounds, changing with each passing day, from macro to micro, from isolated devices to system integration. Without original innovation, an idea, and painstaking research and struggle in the laboratory, there will be no invention and development of batteries, light bulbs, liquid crystals, engines, chips and large aircraft. Today's scientific and technological development, people have made great progress. These undoubtedly need original innovation, and are the efforts and struggles of countless people. The future will not come because of your stagnation. If you want to make a breakthrough in every problem, you can't do without innovative thinking, let alone original innovation. Original innovation, like your favorite lover, you will take the trouble to 'find him thousands of Baidu' in the public, and you will constantly search up and down to find the bottom. Original innovation shows an ability to deeply explore, understand and explain problems.

The second is the problem of continuous innovation. If original innovation is very difficult, then continuous innovation is even more difficult. It should not only inherit, but also develop. Only by constantly breaking through the rules and regulations and stripping the cocoon, can it pupate into butterflies and get new life again and again. Research itself needs to sit on the bench and endure loneliness. In a word, hibernate when it's time to hibernate, and then there may be an amazing innovation when it flies into the sky and when it sounds. The century old store is old and new because it is constantly changing, changing and changing, so it has found its breakthrough and vitality. The fragrance of wine is not afraid of the depth of the alley. Let's stick to it and explore it. If one innovation becomes an accident, then continuous innovation is worth thinking and learning.

In the early 1990s, when I was a graduate student, I began to use computers. At that time, the computer was 286 and the hard disk was only 40m. It was also divided into three areas. The computers were placed on the desk and occupied a considerable part of the space. Today's computers are hardly comparable. Memory alone has become the capacity of several gigabytes, and it is already the apple of the eye. This is the result of decades of dedicated research and development on the road of computer chip research and development represented by several companies such as Intel and apple. The same is true of software development. At that time, the operating system of Microsoft office software was DOS operating system, win31, then 95, 982000, and then today's 20072010, and derived operating systems suitable for various models. Behind this soft and hard is the continuous development of core chip technology and software program technology, which makes continuous innovation possible and inevitable. In this inevitable road, there may be detours, walls, strong opponents, unimaginable failures and pains. But you stick to it, which shows your success. Continuous innovation requires accumulation and patience, and can withstand ups and downs and blows. Therefore, once the development direction is clear, we should unite the public and strive for R & D. When the first, second, third and fourth generation products continue to appear and products are constantly updated, it shows that we have embarked on a steady road of innovation. On the way forward, conservatism may miss a good opportunity, advance may not be appreciated, and misjudgment will lead to backwardness and even lose the market. Whether it can be renewed is an important standard for evaluating sustainable innovation and a display of creative ability. The road to innovation has not stopped. Sustainable innovation is the foundation of sustainable development.

In short, original innovation and sustainable innovation are important driving forces and vitality of social development and the ability of social self-renewal and rebirth. With these two problems, several topics related to scientific development and innovation have been derived.

Is there any law and yardstick for scientific development?

Once, people did not know what laws scientific development seemed to follow. Only one invention or discovery appeared here and there in the brilliant history of mankind. However, with the advent of semiconductors and integrated circuits, people seem to have found such a law, which is Moore's law in the 1950s and 1960s.

Moore's law has become a benchmark, schedule and milestone in the semiconductor industry because it predicts what speed the development of chips should follow in the field of chip manufacturing; Moreover, the development of integrated circuits has a history of 60 years, and has been moving forward step by step according to the "promise" of Moore's law. This is enough to show that from another point of view, science has defined the progress or speed of 'scientific and technological progress' for the first time in human history. Moore's law has therefore become an important symbol of innovation and sustainable innovation. Driven by the direction they guide, researchers continue to achieve the driving force of technological progress. Every time the chip size, especially the transistor size, is reduced, the density is improved, the functions are enriched and enhanced, and the performance is greatly improved, which requires the redesign and planning of the circuit process layout. Every optimization and performance improvement of chip layout must face new problems, including technical problems and theoretical problems, which brings and puts forward the methods and development direction of how to solve these problems. For example, in order to improve the operation speed of transistors, the concept of strained silicon is proposed; In order to solve the problems of electromigration of aluminum lead, people put forward the method of replacing aluminum with copper.

Original innovation is to develop or even break through the existing cognition, which is interrelated and influenced by multiple disciplines.

Original innovation and continuous innovation are not simple repetitive processes, but involve many theoretical and technical problems and breakthroughs. The problem of engine is not only the problem of mechanical structure and design, but also the problem of material selection and technology; Chip design is not only a problem of layout design and function, but also a problem of process manufacturing and process. It also involves a series of difficult problems such as process manufacturing and equipment under the limit of physical laws. In particular, it is worth mentioning that the development of integrated circuits, the most complex project in the world, is not only the experience of grinding a sword for ten years, but also the crystallization of many people, craftsmen, masters, individual wisdom and collective wisdom. Cross border research, or scientific researchers in different fields to discuss big plans, is a breakthrough to solve the problem.

Where is the road to innovation?

Scientific research is not a tree without roots and water without a source. Scientific research is a process of learning. Learning is the beginning of innovation. Scientific research is not to follow suit, but to seek innovation, difference, specialty and development in follow-up. Just like pursuing your own idol, but you can't just imitate your idol and forget yourself, but you should achieve and create a new yourself, reborn and take on a new look. It is not that scientific research cannot be "brought to doctrine.". After "taking it" and digesting it, we must do something and not do something. We should pay attention to both the market and the theory, and don't forget the foundation. After forming your own power, you should gradually do your own things. It is passive to know both why and why. In particular, key technologies are controlled and controlled by people. Although today is a globalized market and technology, there are still many uncertain factors that determine the fate of enterprises and even countries. Therefore, we should develop ourselves from as many aspects as possible. Original innovation, self-reliance and self-reliance are a way of development and develop their own things.

Scientific research itself is an important experience and process. Without this process, there will be no discovery and innovation. Innovation is not achieved overnight. Where is the foundation of a castle in the air? It's not easy to stutter a fat man! How much have we experienced in learning from the west? Innovation is an experience, a process, and needs to start from the foundation. After all the ups and downs and hardships, we know what a shortcut is; After all the pains and all the bitterness, I know what is sweet and sour. Only through experience can we grow. Because I have experienced it, I know the potholes on the way forward. Therefore, I have the ability to face one problem after another, so I have the courage to solve one problem after another, and I can make wise judgments and choices and move towards my goal. Innovation still needs to start from bit by bit and from the foundation.

Innovation needs to start from the foundation. Innovation is a competition of wisdom, endurance, perseverance and opportunity. Original innovation is a unique thing and the cornerstone of ten thousand tall buildings rising from the ground. The development process of science is also a process from learning to thinking and then to practice, from practice to theory, and from concrete to abstract. The first is the pursuit of form and shape similarity, and then the pursuit of divine similarity and inner similarity. Without the external and internal, the original innovation will lose its fundamental and development power. If you don't start from the foundation, you won't build high-rise buildings and have no own characteristics. Everything is a castle in the air, looking at flowers in the fog and looking at the moon in the water.

Innovation is inseparable from struggle, inheritance and a good environment. There is no doubt that innovation needs not only an environment and atmosphere, but also the accumulation and test of time. The individual's subjective initiative has played a great role, and the research in a certain direction with the support of the government is more likely to make a breakthrough. Original innovation is a process of thinking and practice, which is to do it sustainably, do it well, refine it, do it well and make it beautiful, and constantly improve it from theory to practice. In a sense, scientific research is not only a personal matter, but also a collective matter and a national cause. As an individual, we should concentrate on doing things, think of ways, and concentrate on scientific research. As a collective, it is necessary to have a harmonious scientific research environment, that is, to pass on help and guidance, and to inherit spirit and energy, rather than talk. Speaking freely can stimulate the enthusiasm and motivation of scientific research. From the collective and national levels, it should play the role of supporting, helping, supporting and protecting.

Education and guidance are the foundation and source of innovation. Innovation is inseparable from people's fascination, love, pursuit, belief, curiosity and interest, and innovation is inseparable from personal passion and struggle. Creativity, dreams and enthusiasm, and novel ideas and ideas are important in the youth. After all, they are the future of national construction. Because they are young, they are the most energetic, the most active in thinking, have no fetters in their thoughts, and can take out all their spirit and enthusiasm to study. Don't extinguish the flame of youth, and the flame of youth will not extinguish. To cultivate teenagers, we should start with education, care, body and mind.

Innovation comes from practice, guidance and inheritance, and innovation comes from free thought and exploration. Innovation requires people's wisdom, focus, enthusiasm and dedication. Innovation is the sublimation from bit by bit accumulation to system and knowledge. As an elder, we have many experiences, which can give full play to the heat and spare no effort to pass on the essence of thought and experience to young people. As young people, we should not only study with an open mind, but also seek boldly. The road of science is the cultivation process of ascetic monks, which needs repeated thinking and verification. Only free thought and free exploration can give full play to people's intelligence.

There are still some problems to be solved on the road of innovation.

Scientific research still needs to seek truth from facts. Both bottom-level workers and top-level design managers should work in the spirit of seeking truth from facts, rather than blindly optimistic and entertain themselves, which will eventually lead to self deceptive scientific research exaggeration. Many scientific research has only made a little experiment or small improvement. Some people play tricks, pack their achievements tall and deceive others and themselves. There are many factors that affect innovation. For example, the only index theory of the project makes the completion of the project muddle along without pursuing innovation; Tabular management over and over again seems to be effective, but it actually wastes a lot of time, energy and enthusiasm; There are all kinds of talent hats flying all over the sky. Some people have indeed become talents, but it has hit the public; There are also many chores, humanistic management, achievement attribution, reward mechanism and so on, which affect scientific research innovation. A good scientific research environment is a basic guarantee for innovation. Sustainable innovation is also related to intellectual property protection, market drive and value chain, as well as national advocacy, demand and protection. No matter engaged in theoretical research or engineering design, development requires substantial progress and change.

Innovation is the eternal theme of the development of the times.

In an era of exploring the depths of the distant universe, towards Mars and beyond the solar system, and in an era when mankind is constantly eager for an in-depth understanding of nature, there is no human on earth who is more like us today, more intoxicated and eager to know and understand the world, Including ourselves. Constantly explore the mysteries, vitality and sources in the depths of our thoughts, look up to the stars and explore how far we can go. The times have endowed us with the best creativity and imagination. Only by constantly exploring forward can society become more vibrant and dynamic, and life become more meaningful.

The development of the times and the development of the country are inseparable from human innovation, national innovation and the innovation of the times. Scientific research is the foundation for the future development of the country and the times. Scientific research and development can only be carried out in time, not in time.