Education is a double-edged sword, which can not only impart knowledge, but also stifle people's curiosity, imagination and independent thinking ability. In the teaching materials and teaching process, we should try our best to protect students' curiosity, imagination and independent thinking ability. People who lack curiosity, imagination and independent thinking ability are hard to innovate. It is suggested that the course of quantum mechanics should be set up in the major of life science.

1. The readability of teaching materials should be strong

It is one of the important tasks of undergraduate education to improve students' ability to acquire knowledge by themselves. Preview with questions is an effective method. Textbooks are compiled for students. To make students like reading, the readability of textbooks is very important. In teaching, I attach importance to improving students' ability to acquire knowledge through "Preview", so the "Preview" score is equivalent to the "homework" score. Students are required to "Preview". They must give questions, let students learn with the questions and answer the questions, otherwise it will become formality. The prerequisite for students to "Preview" is the readability of textbooks. Some physics textbooks are obscure and difficult to understand, which can hardly stimulate students' interest and desire in reading.

2. Teaching materials should take knowledge and wisdom into consideration

Physics is made up of knowledge and wisdom. Knowledge refers to concepts, theorems and formulas; wisdom refers to ways of thinking, research methods, curiosity, imagination and tenacious spirit of exploration. Teaching materials for non physics majors should not simply be the reduced version of teaching materials for physics department, but should be combined with practice and specialty. The depth of teaching materials should be appropriate, the width should be broadened, and the height should be improved. Students of physics department study physics for research, while non physics majors study physics for application, and use physics knowledge and wisdom to study their own majors. Among the non physics majors, there are more opportunities for engineering majors to directly apply physics knowledge, less opportunities for agriculture, forestry, medicine and other majors, and less opportunities for Humanities, economics and management majors. The scope of application of knowledge is limited, while the scope of application of wisdom is unlimited. Wisdom is rich in creativity. Knowledge is the carrier of wisdom, and wisdom is the sublimation of knowledge.

3. The textbook should be a relatively complete physics system

In recent years, there are 60 class hours, 50 class hours, 40 class hours, 30 class hours of physics class. The reason is that our understanding of physics is superficial. As Mr. Yang Zhenning criticized, "it's impolite to say that in the past few decades, China has developed the habit of studying physics by death.". The whole social environment, the attitude of parents and the propaganda of newspapers have always been guided in this direction. " Every part of physics has its unique way of thinking and research methods. Physics is an intelligent combination of knowledge, mode of thinking, research methods, cognitive methods and exploration spirit. Physics is a river of brilliant ideas, with many shining points. Every great progress in physics leads to a change in world outlook. The knowledge and wisdom of physics can be used for reference by various disciplines. Physics is not a simple basic course, but a science course.

It's easy to find this sentence or a similar sentence in some textbooks: "physics is an important basic course to prepare for the follow-up course." This is a distortion of the orientation of physics. Because of this distortion, some schools and some majors do not study "relativity". The reason is that the object of our professional research will not move at the speed of light, and the knowledge of "relativity" will not be used in subsequent courses.

Those who have studied physics will use the knowledge and wisdom of physics to explore the world, and will have unique success. For example, American physicist Cesar Hidalgo used the knowledge and wisdom of physics to study the world economy. He wrote the essence of growth: the evolution of order, from atom to economy, which is known as "an important milestone in the theory of economic growth in the 21st century". Economists call it "the most important thing is often the most simple. The enlightenment that this book brings us is: how to be like Think like a physicist. "

Physics course is very important to impart knowledge, enlighten wisdom, improve ability, cultivate scientific literacy and help students establish a scientific world outlook. Physics textbooks can not maintain a relatively complete physics system, which in essence limits the space for students' future development. It is impossible to cultivate innovative talents in the 21st century only by teaching physics knowledge 300 years ago.

4. Textbooks should not present physics as if "everything has been studied clearly"

Because physics textbooks tend to explain physics as if "everything has been studied clearly". When young students learn, they often regret that they were born too late, that all the problems they can study have been studied, and that there is nothing left in the world for them to study. This kind of regret is left by the textbook, which is not true.

The truth is that up to now, the universe is about 13.7 billion years old, the solar system is about 5 billion years old, the history of human beings is about 5000 years, and science has only entered quantitative research for 400 years. For a better understanding of these times, we use 24 hours to represent 13.7 billion years of the universe, while the 400 years of scientific quantitative research is only 0.0025 seconds. Science is equivalent to taking 0.0025 seconds to figure out all the things that happened in the past 24 hours. We can imagine how difficult it is. Therefore, our current understanding of the world is superficial, naive, inaccurate and even wrong, which is very normal. People's understanding of science goes deep layer by layer. We never have to worry about having no problem to study, and we can never say which problem has been thoroughly studied. We can neither seek the perfection of our predecessors nor believe that authority is always right.

The real situation is that the simple pendulum in physics is an abstract and simplified ideal model. It must satisfy eight idealized conditions: ① the swing angle is less than 5 °; ② the quality of the cycloid can be ignored; ③ the cycloid is soft; ④ the cycloid can not be extended; ⑤ the quality of the ball is fixed; ⑥ the diameter of the ball is much smaller than the length of the cycloid; ⑦ the pendulum should be in an undamped environment; and Ⅷ the pendulum should be in a medium inertial system.

If it is not abstract and simplified, after eight variables combination, c81 + C82 + C83 + C84 + C85 + C86 + C87 + C88 = 256, there are 256 problems, and pendulum is only one of them. Of the remaining 255 problems, some can be studied, and some are so difficult that they cannot be studied at present. The research object in physics is an abstract and simplified ideal model. As long as you go further and remove the idealized conditions, there will be a large number of problems that can be studied immediately. This is an example used by Professor Lu Dexin of Nanjing University in Tsinghua University. I often use it in teaching.

5. The content of teaching materials should keep pace with the times

5.1 refraction law

It was not until 1621 that Snell, a Dutch mathematician, found the relationship between incident light and refracted light after analyzing a large number of data, and summarized it as the law of refraction of light: refracted light, incident light and normal line are in the same plane, incident light and refracted light are on both sides of normal line; The sine ratio of the incident angle to the refraction angle is a constant which depends on the optical properties of the two media and the wavelength of the light.

At present, this kind of expression is basically used in college and middle school textbooks. This expression was indisputable 400 years ago, when the refractive index of the medium was positive. In recent years, negative refractive index materials have been found, that is, the refractive index of some media is negative. When the refractive index of the medium is negative, the incident light and the refracted light are on the same side of the normal. The part of "incident light and refracted light live separately on both sides of the normal" in the original expression is obviously wrong, so it is suggested to delete the part of "incident light and refracted light live separately on both sides of the normal" in the original expression. Science has been advancing with the times, so must textbooks.

5.2 electromagnetic radiation spectrum

1) "Electromagnetic spectrum" is used in physics textbooks. Now that we have recognized the wave particle duality, how about we call it "electromagnetic spectrum"? Or "electromagnetic radiation spectrum"?

2) For a long time, the "electromagnetic spectrum" diagram has been drawn to 10Hz. Now the electromagnetic signal of the instruments used in some fields has reached 10-5hz. It is suggested to broaden it so as not to be misunderstood.

5.3 quantum mechanics

The introduction of quantum mechanics in the physics textbooks of agricultural and forestry colleges should adhere to the basic guiding ideology of high starting point and low difficulty. Quantum mechanics is a scientific theory to study the micro world, which is mysterious and profound. It is not only inextricably linked with modern information technology, but also inseparable from basic disciplines such as chemistry and life science. Its establishment has greatly subverted people's understanding of the world. Mysterious quantum phenomena are everywhere. If we dig deep enough, everything is quantum. Quantum mechanics has revolutionized our understanding of the world of life. Without quantum mechanics, life cannot be explained. Recommend students to read the book "mysterious quantum life" by Jim al Halley and John Joe McFadden. In the book, the quantum beat is used to explain that the energy transfer efficiency from photon to reaction center in photosynthesis is almost 100%, and almost all the energy absorbed by chlorophyll molecules can reach the reaction center; the inelastic electron tunneling in quantum mechanics is the key to the generation of olfactory sense, and the inelastic electron tunneling in quantum mechanics is used to explain the clownfish's way of "smelling out" and going home; the way of northern Europe and North Africa Among the migratory robins, their magnetoreceptor is a kind of magnetic compass, which can sense weak geomagnetism through chemical reaction. All these problems can not be solved without quantum mechanics.

One of the main driving forces and signs of scientific and technological progress in the 21st century is the extensive and in-depth integration of life science, artificial intelligence and physics. It is suggested that the course of quantum mechanics should be set up in the major of life science. The goal of setting up the course of quantum mechanics for life science specialty is to enable a few life scientists to use quantum mechanics to study life science, and to enable most life scientists to read the literature of using quantum mechanics to study life science.

Sincerely welcome your comments and criticism, borrow your wisdom to improve my thinking.